ChIP Human - HUH-7

DNA-protein interactions are studied by using ChIP. The basic steps in this technique are crosslinking, sonication, immunoprecipitation, and analysis of the immunoprecipitated DNA. During ChIP, if chromatin is under-fragmented or fragments are too large which can lead to the increased background and lower resolution. Shorter cross-linking times (5-10 min) and/or lower formaldehyde concentrations (<1%) may improve shearing efficiency. If Chromatin is over-fragmented, then optimize shearing conditions for each cell type to improve ChIP efficiency. Over-sonication of chromatin may disrupt chromatin integrity and denature antibody epitopes. If you do not see any product or very little product in the input PCR reactions, add 5–10 μg chromatin per IP.

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Found 3 matching solutions for this experiment

Upstream tips
-Warm IP Lysis Buffer to room temperature to prevent precipitation.
-Prepare one extra plate of cells to estimate cell number.
-Thaw Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (PIC) at room temperature.
-It is recommended to take some trial to optimize sonication condition before beginning with sonication.
Protocol tips
- In general it is recommended that one million mammalian cells are required for each IP
fraction.
-Centrifuge the sample at 6000 × g for 5 min at 4 °C to eliminate bubbles.
-To reduce background, remove as much supernatant as possible in the last wash. Continue with next step OR store at 4°C overnight.
Upstream tips
-Optimal conditions to obtain the desired fragment size should be
determined prior to the immunoprecipitation (IP) by
performing a sonication time course.
Protocol tips
-The minimum number of cells to be processed is 3x106 cells for 3 ChIPs.
-Sonicating for too long will disrupt nucleosome-DNA
interactions therefore the band size should not be smaller than 200 bp.
-The amount of antibody can vary but 2-5 µg is a good starting point.
EZ-ChIP™

Merck Millipore

Protocol tips
-Just because an antibody works well in a Western blot does not always indicate it will perform well in chromatin immunoprecipitation.
Unlike a Western blot that detects proteins that have been denatured, a ChIP antibody must recognize the target protein in its native state. Use ChIP-validated antibody.
-Use 2-10 μg of your ChIP antibody depending on the abundance of your protein target.
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